IRO Journals
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation

Comparative Review of Battery and Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Frequency Regulation in Islanded Microgrids

Open Access
Published: 24 July, 2026
Pages: 205-221
  • Rudaraiah Yanaganti , Rudaraiah Yanaganti
    Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vaagdevi Engineering College, Warangal, India
    Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vaagdevi Engineering College, Warangal, India
  • Kumbajadala Pranathi , Kumbajadala Pranathi
    Lecturer, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vaagdevi Engineering College, Warangal, India
    Lecturer, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vaagdevi Engineering College, Warangal, India
  • Habeeb Fathima Habeeb Fathima
    Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vaagdevi College of Engineering, Warangal, India
    Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vaagdevi College of Engineering, Warangal, India
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How to Cite

Yanaganti, Rudaraiah, Kumbajadala Pranathi, and Habeeb Fathima. 2026. “Comparative Review of Battery and Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Frequency Regulation in Islanded Microgrids”. Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation 8 (3): 205-21. https://doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2026.3.004.
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Keywords

Islanded Microgrid
Frequency Regulation
Battery Energy Storage System (BESS)
Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS)
Renewable Energy Sources (RESs)
Energy Management
Hybrid Microgrid

Abstract

The increasing incorporation of renewable energy sources (RESs) in islanded microgrids has complex frequency regulation problems due to decreased system inertia and unpredictable generation. energy storage systems (ESS), such as battery energy storage system (BESS) and hybrid energy storage system (HESS), have been recognized as potential systems to achieve stable and efficient operation of islanded microgrids. This research study presents a comprehensive comparison of BESS and HESS in frequency regulation in islanded microgrids. In this paper, the hybrid microgrid configurations, operation, energy management, and control strategies such as droop control, hierarchical control, model predictive control, and virtual synchronous generator method are reviewed. Moreover, the performance of BESS and HESS are compared in terms of frequency stability, transient performance, battery lifespan, renewable generation integration, reliability, and complexity of installation. The HESS performs better in terms of transient response and battery lifespan as a result of energy management coordination. Hence, HESS can be regarded as an attractive solution for the future of renewable-powered islanded microgrids.

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