IRO Journals
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation

Design and Evaluation of an Additively Manufactured Smart Infusion Pump with Embedded Control and Pressure-based Safety Monitoring

Open Access
Published: 16 October, 2026
Pages: 258-271
  • Murugan A. , Murugan A.
    Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Paavai College of Engineering, Anna University, Namakkal, India
    Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Paavai College of Engineering, Anna University, Namakkal, India
  • Sheela M. , Sheela M.
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Paavai College of Engineering, Anna University, Namakkal, India
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Paavai College of Engineering, Anna University, Namakkal, India
  • Tarunika B. , Tarunika B.
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Paavai College of Engineering, Anna University, Namakkal, India
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Paavai College of Engineering, Anna University, Namakkal, India
  • Vinothini K. Vinothini K.
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Paavai College of Engineering, Anna University, Namakkal, India
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Paavai College of Engineering, Anna University, Namakkal, India
view PDF
view PDF

How to Cite

A., Murugan, Sheela M., Tarunika B., and Vinothini K. 2026. “Design and Evaluation of an Additively Manufactured Smart Infusion Pump With Embedded Control and Pressure-Based Safety Monitoring”. Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation 8 (4): 258-71. https://doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2026.4.001.
ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver AMA

Download Citation

Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Keywords

Additive-Manufactured Infusion Pump
Stepper-Motor Plunger Actuation
ESP8266 Embedded Control
Pressure-based Occlusion Detection
End-of-Travel Protection
Flow-Rate Calibration
Wireless Infusion Monitoring

Abstract

This research introduces the design and laboratory testing of a smart infusion pump prototype using the principles of additive manufacturing, embedded controller, sensor-based safety monitoring, and wireless communication. Mechanical design utilizes a syringe-based actuator driven by a stepper motor that was fabricated via the process of additive manufacturing to ensure a precise displacement of the plunger, whereas ESP8266-based controller ensures control over actuator actuation, user interface, pressure monitoring, and fault handling. Prototype testing was performed in a laboratory environment using water at present flow rates of 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mL/h. Observed delivery rates were 5.1, 9.8, 19.6, 29.4, and 39.2 mL/h, respectively, implying that maximum error was ±2%. Repeated-cycles operation proved mechanical integrity of the prototype without any signs of deformations or misalignments. The developed integrated safety response system Occlusion detection based on pressure measurement, end-of-travel detection, motor stoppage, and alarm triggering.

References

  1. Karthik, S., R. Kowsalya, K. Sricharan, and M. Aravindan. "Multiple Syringe Infusion Pump for Immobilized Patients." In International Conference on Recent Advances in Electrical, Electronics, Ubiquitous Communication, and Computational Intelligence, IEEE, 2025 1-7.
  2. Butterfield, Robert D., and Nathaniel M. Sims. "Performance Evaluation of A Novel Digital Flow-Imaging IV Infusion Device." IEEE Open Journal of Engineering in Medicine and Biology, 2026, vol. 7: 43-46.
  3. Rosdi, Muhammad Raimi, and Audrey Huong. "A Smart Infusion Pump System for Remote Management and Monitoring of Intravenous (IV) Drips." In 11th IEEE Symposium on Computer Applications Industrial Electronics (ISCAIE), IEEE, 2021, 285-288.
  4. Mansour, Mohamed Eltahir. "Design of Low Cost Smart Infusion Pump." In International Conference on Computer, Control, Electrical, and Electronics Engineering (ICCCEEE), IEEE, 2021, 1-5.
  5. Alamelu, J. V., Mythili Asaithambi, and Ramakrishnan Swaminathan. "Analysis of Rise Time Responses of A Smart Infusion Pump for The Control of Dopamine Drug Flow Rate." In International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA), IEEE, 2022, 1-5.
  6. Nair, Vidya S., Rahul Krishnan Pathinarupothi, and Thushara Madathil. "Personalized Algorithms and Techniques for Development of A Smart Infusion Pump For ICU." In 8th International Conference for Convergence in Technology, IEEE, 2023, 1-7.
  7. Sapatnekar, Malhar U., and Prakash M. Mainkar. "Design and Development ff IoT Controlled Intravenous Infusion Device." In International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), IEEE, 2022, 1-7.
  8. Achsanul, Muhammad, Noor Pratama Apriyanto, and Nana Sutarna. "Automatic Infusion Liquid Delivery Machine Equipped with Safety Sensor." In 5th International Conference on Electronic and Electrical Engineering and Intelligent System (ICE3IS), IEEE, 2025, 327-332.
  9. Formo, Mads Wikmark, Øyvind Stavdahl, and Anders Lyngvi Fougner. "Modelling and Simulation of Occlusions in Insulin Pumps." In 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, 2021, 1499-1503.
  10. Liu, Jianze, Ting Zeng, Xingya Wei, Jun Sheng, and Shen Yin. "A Stable Flow Control Method for High Precision Series Plunger Infusion Pump used in HPLC." In 3rd International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Control Science (IC2ECS), IEEE, 2023, 841-844.
  11. Brindha, R., R. K. Pongiannan, J. Franklin, A. Bharath, and V. S. K. M. Sanjeevi. "Implementation of Multi-Functional Pump Therapy." In International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking (ICSCAN), IEEE, 2023, 1-5.
  12. Paramasivam, A., Udayakumar Anantharao, and Dapheinkiru Dkhar. "Design of Internet of Things Based Remote Infusion Monitoring System." In 3rd International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Social Networking (ICPCSN), IEEE, 2023, 1443-1447.
  13. Stergiopoulos, George, Panayiotis Kotzanikolaou, Charalambos Konstantinou, and Achilleas Tsoukalis. "Process-Aware Attacks on Medication Control of Type-I Diabetics using Infusion Pumps." IEEE Systems Journal, 2023, vol. 17, no. 2: 1831-1842.
  14. Lu, Wei, Elvin Colon, James Fitzpatrick, Lisa Hix, and Curtis Mead. "Security Driven Product Design for Open-Source Medical Syringe Infusion Pumps." Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC), IEEE, 2025, 1-4.