Smart IoT Energy Metering System with Real-Time Theft Detection and Prevention

Abstract

This article describes the design and development of a real-time, IoT-based smart energy meter for detecting electricity theft using a low-cost Arduino Uno, ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, and Blynk IoT platform, relying on threshold-based detection methods. In contrast to conventional energy meters that do not have tampering detection features, the designed system constantly checks for energy consumption using current sensors and monitors data to detect unauthorized power consumption. The uniqueness of this research is its cost-effective dual-load configuration that mimics both legal and illegal utilization scenarios, allowing real-time detection and instant notification through cloud-based dashboards. Experimental validation proves effective bypass scenario detection and distant notifications with negligible latency, making it ideal for smart grid integration in developing countries. The system improves energy accountability, enables remote monitoring, and offers a scalable solution to help fight electricity theft effectively.