IRO Journal on Sustainable Wireless Systems
IRO Journals
Volume 7 — Issue 1 — March 2025

Design and Analysis of Fractal Antenna for ISM Band Application

https://doi.org/10.36548/jsws.2025.1.006
Praveena R.
Associate Professor,Muthayammal Engineering College, Namakkal
Boopathi S.G.
Muthayammal Engineering College, Namakkal
Karthi K.
Muthayammal Engineering College, Namakkal
Krishnan K.
Muthayammal Engineering College, Namakkal
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How to Cite

R., Praveena, Boopathi S.G., Karthi K., and Krishnan K. 2025. “Design and Analysis of Fractal Antenna for ISM Band Application”. IRO Journal on Sustainable Wireless Systems 7 (1): 73-89. https://doi.org/10.36548/jsws.2025.1.006.
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Keywords

— Microstrip Patch Antennas
— Narrowband
— Multi-Band
— Ultra-Wideband
— WiMAX
— CST Microwave Studio
— FR4 Substrate
— Radiation Patterns
— Gain Analysis
— Compact Design
Published: 15-04-2025

Abstract

The research presents the design and analysis of a compact fractal antenna optimized for ISM band applications at operating frequencies of 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz. The proposed antenna utilizes a self-similar fractal geometry with overall dimensions of just 10 mm × 10 mm, making it highly suitable for space-constrained wireless devices such as IoT modules, RFID systems, and wearable technology. The feed-line width is precisely optimized at 0.50 mm to ensure effective impedance matching and minimal signal loss. Performance analysis, conducted using CST Microwave Studio, reveals a return loss (S11) of less than -10 dB and a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) ranging approximately between 1 and 2, indicating efficient signal transmission with minimal reflection. Furthermore, the antenna achieves a gain between 3 dBi and 6 dBi, demonstrating strong radiation characteristics suitable for reliable short-range to mid-range communication. The results confirm the capability of the proposed fractal antenna as a compact, efficient, and multi-band solution for modern wireless communication systems.

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