Abstract
Deepfake is the practice of replacing an existing image or video with someone else’s likeness. Currently, the spread of face-swapping deepfake strategies is increasing, producing a considerable range of naturalistic fake videos that cause danger to everyone. Due to the issue made by deepfake, recognizing between real and fake videos becomes a major issue. Deep learning is an efficient and useful approach for detecting deepfake videos and images. Research in recent years has focused on understanding how deepfake works and a number of deep learning-based approaches that are developed to do so. The aim of this study is to give an in-depth look at how several architectures work, along with the challenges encountered when detecting deepfake videos. It examines the existing deepfake detection methods using machine learning and deep learning approaches.
References
- Ismail, Aya, Marwa Elpeltagy, Mervat S Zaki, and Kamal Eldahshan. "A New Deep Learning-Based Methodology for Video Deepfake Detection Using XGBoost." Sensors 21, no. 16 (2021): 5413.
- Ismail, Aya, Marwa Elpeltagy, Mervat Zaki, and Kamal A. ElDahshan. "Deepfake video detection: YOLO-Face convolution recurrent approach." PeerJ Computer Science 7 (2021): e730.
- Mitra, Alakananda, Saraju P. Mohanty, Peter Corcoran, and Elias Kougianos. "A novel machine learning based method for deepfake video detection in social media." In 2020 IEEE International Symposium on Smart Electronic Systems (iSES)(Formerly iNiS), pp. 91-96. IEEE, 2020.
- Güera, David, and Edward J. Delp. "Deepfake video detection using recurrent neural networks." In 2018 15th IEEE international conference on advanced video and signal based surveillance (AVSS), pp. 1-6. IEEE, 2018.
- Yadav, Digvijay, and Sakina Salmani. "Deepfake: A survey on facial forgery technique using generative adversarial network." In 2019 International conference on intelligent computing and control systems (ICCS), pp. 852-857. IEEE, 2019.
- Amerini, Irene, Leonardo Galteri, Roberto Caldelli, and Alberto Del Bimbo. "Deepfake video detection through optical flow based cnn." In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF international conference on computer vision workshops, pp. 0-0. 2019.
- Nguyen, Thanh Thi, Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen, Cuong M. Nguyen, Dung Nguyen, Duc Thanh Nguyen, and Saeid Nahavandi. "Deep learning for deepfakes creation and detection: A survey." arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.11573 (2019).
- Sabir, Ekraam, Jiaxin Cheng, Ayush Jaiswal, Wael AbdAlmageed, Iacopo Masi, and Prem Natarajan. "Recurrent convolutional strategies for face manipulation detection in videos." Interfaces (GUI) 3, no. 1 (2019): 80-87.
- Hopfield, John J. "Neural networks and physical systems with emergent collective computational abilities." Proceedings of the national academy of sciences 79, no. 8 (1982): 2554-2558.
- Kwok, Andrei OJ, and Sharon GM Koh. "Deepfake: a social construction of technology perspective." Current Issues in Tourism 24, no. 13 (2021): 1798-1802.
- Wodajo, Deressa, and Solomon Atnafu. "Deepfake video detection using convolutional vision transformer." arXiv preprint arXiv:2102.11126 (2021).
- Ranjan, Pranjal, Sarvesh Patil, and Faruk Kazi. "Improved generalizability of deep-fakes detection using transfer learning based CNN framework." In 2020 3rd international conference on information and computer technologies (ICICT), pp. 86-90. IEEE, 2020.
- Rossler, Andreas, Davide Cozzolino, Luisa Verdoliva, Christian Riess, Justus Thies, and Matthias Nießner. "Faceforensics++: Learning to detect manipulated facial images." In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 1-11. 2019.
