IRO Journals
Journal of ISMAC

A Hybrid Smart Home Automation System Using ESP32 with Edge AI and IoT Integration

Open Access
Published: 15 May, 2026
Pages: 170-181
  • Ravinder K. , Ravinder K.
    Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Joginpally B R Engineering College, Hyderabad, India
    Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Joginpally B R Engineering College, Hyderabad, India
  • Khaja Mujeebuddin Quadry , Khaja Mujeebuddin Quadry
    Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Joginpally B R Engineering College, Hyderabad, India
    Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Joginpally B R Engineering College, Hyderabad, India
  • Romeela Rose P. , Romeela Rose P.
    Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Joginpally B R Engineering College, Hyderabad, India
    Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Joginpally B R Engineering College, Hyderabad, India
  • Sravani R. Sravani R.
    Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Joginpally B R Engineering College, Hyderabad, India
    Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Joginpally B R Engineering College, Hyderabad, India
view PDF
view PDF

How to Cite

K., Ravinder, Khaja Mujeebuddin Quadry, Romeela Rose P., and Sravani R. 2026. “A Hybrid Smart Home Automation System Using ESP32 With Edge AI and IoT Integration”. Journal of ISMAC 8 (2): 170-81. https://doi.org/10.36548/jismac.2026.2.005.
ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver AMA

Download Citation

Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Keywords

ESP32
Internet of Things (IoT)
Smart Home Automation
MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) Protocol
Passive Infrared (PIR) Sensor
Edge Artificial Intelligence (Edge AI)
Firebase Cloud

Abstract

This paper describes an approach for developing a hybrid smart home automation system through the incorporation of the ESP32 microcontroller along with IoT, Edge Artificial Intelligence (Edge AI), MQTT communication protocol, and Firebase cloud. In essence, this approach has been formulated by focusing on the development of an intelligent, fast and scalable system capable of automating different household appliances through real-time monitoring and control. In this regard, sensors like PIR, DHT11, and MQ2 have been used for motion detection, temperature monitoring, and gas leakage detection respectively. On its part, the ESP32 microcontroller has been used for performing edge-based processing in order to minimize communication delay and enhance system reliability. Meanwhile, the use of MQTT protocol will facilitate lightweight real-time communication between different devices and cloud servers. Similarly, Firebase cloud service will facilitate remote monitoring as well as data synchronization of the system in question using web or mobile interfaces. Experimentation reveals that the proposed system offers fast and reliable performance in addition to scalable multi-device operation. From the experiments, it has been established that the hybrid approach has resulted in efficient and scalable performance compared to other approaches commonly used for home automation.

References

  1. Wilson, Charlie, Tom Hargreaves, and Richard Hauxwell-Baldwin. "Smart Homes and Their Users: A Systematic Analysis and Key Challenges." Personal and ubiquitous computing 2015, vol. 19, no. 2: 463-476.
  2. Al-Qutayri, M. A. “Smart Home Systems.” 2010, In InTech eBooks. https://doi.org/10.5772/182.
  3. Heath, S. “Embedded Systems Design” (Second edition). Newnes. https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9780080477565_A23516682/preview-9780080477565_A23516682.pdf.
  4. Ibrahim, Usman Isah, Henry Ohize, Usman Aaze Umar, and Yusuf Aliyu. "Design and Construction of Voice-Controlled Home Automation Using Arduino." ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development 2024, vol. 7, no. 1: 144-152.
  5. Singh, Simar, Sourabh Anand, and M. K. Satyarthi. "A Comprehensive Review of Smart Home Automation Systems." Advances in computer science and information technology (ACSIT) 2023, vol. 10, no. 2: 61-66.
  6. Krishna, B. Murali, V. Narasimaha Nayak, K. Reddy, B. Rakesh, P. Kumar, and N. Sandhya. "Bluetooth Based Wireless Home Automation System Using FPGA." Journal of Theoretical & Applied Information Technology 2015, vol. 77, no. 3: 411-420.
  7. Anusha, K., S. Aravind, N. U. Rao, and T. Ravisagar. "Internet of Things (IoT) Based Home Automation Using ESP-32." Int. J. Res. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol. (IJRASET) 2024, vol.12, Issue 5, 1672-1676.
  8. Imam, Abubakar Surajo, Abdussalam Garba, A. S. Isah, I. F. Chukwu, Muhammad Ahmad Baballe, and Sagir Shehu. "Design of an ESP32-Based IoT Smart Home Automation Management System." Global Journal of Research in Engineering & Computer Sciences 2024, vol. 4, no. 4: 121-130.
  9. Arigela, Arun Kumar, Chandini Banapuram, and Nookala Venu. "Remote Based Home Automation with MQTT: ESP32 Nodes and Node-RED on Raspberry Pi." In 2024 8th international conference on I-SMAC (IoT in social, mobile, analytics and cloud), 313-318.
  10. Serepas, Filippos, Ioannis Papias, Konstantinos Christakis, Nikos Dimitropoulos, and Vangelis Marinakis. "Lightweight Embedded IoT gateway for Smart Homes Based on an ESP32 Microcontroller." Computers 2025, vol. 14, no. 9: 391.
  11. Ashton, Kevin. "That ‘Internet of Things’ Thing." RFID journal 2009, vol. 22, no. 7: 97-114.
  12. Etuk, Ubong E., Gabriel Omenaru, Saviour Joshua Inyang, and Imeh Umoren. "Towards Sustainable Smart Living: Cloud-Based IoT Solutions for Home Automation." Journal of Information Systems and Informatics 2023, vol. 5, no. 4: 1743-1763.